A Dialogue with an ADHD Non-Believer

Dear Sir,"First, ADD is not a precisely circumscribed set of
It was with some interest that I read the article Whatsymptoms. The ever-present "often" in the diagnostic
You Should Know About Attention Deficit Disorder bycriteria betrays the loose boundaries of ADD, and it
Edward W. after having it handed to me by a memberexplains why Americans use the diagnosis so
of our church. There were elements of the article thatfrequently. Almost anyone can squeeze into the
were insightful, helpful, and needed to be said in a publicparameters - at least on certain days." - p 59
forum, especially the discussion of the moral andThis statement is also potentially misleading to the
spiritual dimensions of behavior. For this part of thereaders. "The ever-present 'often' in the diagnostic
article I applaud Mr. W.criteria..." is very similar to the "ever present" "nearly
However, Mr. W's discussion on the physiologicalevery day" in the diagnostic criteria for Depression.
biological aspects of ADD ADHD was lacking to theThe "often" is simply a realistic description of life for
point of being misleading to the readers. I am sure thatindividuals with ADD. It is not "always" as with a
Mr. Welch had no intention of misleading any readers,structural head injury. It is "often" because it is the result
as that would hardly reflect the "biblical guidelines withof neurological mechanisms being "often"
which to understand ADD" that he seeks tounder-aroused and "often" under-performing.
communicate. Therefore, for the sake of clarifying". . . and it explains why Americans use the diagnosis
some details, may I present the following evidence.so frequently."
Perhaps in the near future you would run an articleStudies show that 3% to 5% of the population has
that would present some of this information to yourADHD. Over-diagnosis, if there is any, is not due to the
readers, so that they have an accurate understandingdiagnostic criteria, but rather to a lack of a
of the disorder.comprehensive diagnostic work-ups by most
"Other books use a biological approach, claiming thatphysicians.
brain functioning explains every behavior." - p 58"Almost anyone can squeeze into the parameters - at
I might say that I have read several books on theleast on certain days."
biological realities of ADD ADHD, and brain functioningThis is misleading to the readers, and simply not true.
in general, and none of them have claimed "that brainRemember, the DSM-IV also includes these important,
functioning explains every behavior." They do,and highly discriminating, criteria:
however, point out the differences in both structure- Six or more symptoms of Inattention, having lasted at
and function of a brain with ADD ADHD, or otherleast six months, to a degree that is maladaptive;
disorders, vs. brains without these disorders. It is- Six or more symptoms of Impulsivity-Hyperactivity,
misleading to suggest that "books (using) a biologicalhaving lasted at least six months, to a degree that is
approach" make such a claim. Perhaps one or two do,maladaptive;
but I am not familiar with any at all.- Symptoms of the disorder were present before the
"In other words, their attention is inconsistent ratherage of seven;Impairment is present in a variety of
than universally poor." - p 59settings; and
This is a fair description, although a better description- There is clear evidence of clinically significant
would be that their attention is "inflexible." People withimpairment in social, academic, or occupational
neurological difficulties, whether ADD, head injuries,functioning.
autism, fetal alcohol syndrome, forms of depression, orThe reality is that barely anyone can "squeeze into
dementias, have varying degrees of neurologicalthese parameters." But about 5% of the population
inflexibility. Neurological flexibility is a sign of a healthycan. It is careless to suggest that "anyone... at least on
brain. It is the ability to move attention from "global"certain days" can meet the diagnostic criteria. It also
forms of attention to "specific" forms of attention atconveys a negative picture of those who do actually
will, in a fraction of a second. These various types ofsuffer with the condition.
attention are objective and observable (with PETS,Would you publish a statement that read, "Almost
SPECTs, EEGs, QEEGs, and other technologies).anyone can squeeze into the parameters of
People with ADD have difficulty moving from specificAlzheimer's - at least on certain days?" I would
to global, or global to specific, styles of attention. Itcertainly hope not, and yet it is published in connection
should be noted that inflexibility of attention is a markerwith ADHD. This is disappointing.
of a neurological problem, though by itself is notThis is the end to part one of this discussion.
diagnostic of any specific problem.