What Is ADHD?

ADHD stands for attention deficit hyperactivitymakeup and not by poor child-rearing practices -- as
disorder. It was once known as ADD or attentionhaving ADHD. Nowadays, these children are easily
deficit disorder but was renamed in 1994 by therecognized as thousands of studies and scientific
American Psychiatric Association (APA).investigations into ADHD have been published. These
ADHD is a mental and developmental condition ofstudies provide sufficient information on the nature,
inattention and distractibility that becomes evident incauses, symptoms and treatments of ADHD.
some children in the early school years. ADHD is theA child with ADHD faces a complex situation. He or
name of a group of behavioral disorder found in manyshe should receive help, guidance, and understanding
children and adults. Studies show that people withfrom his or her environment, especially from parents.
ADHD have differences in the parts of their brains thatNaturally, all children, particularly younger ones, act
eventually control their attention and activity. It is aanxious or excited at times. However, the difference
condition characterized by their behavioral and learningwith attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder is that
disorders. The disorder is three times more commonsymptoms are there over a longer period of time and
among boys than girls. Symptoms are always presentoccurs in different settings. They disrupt a child's
before the age of 7 and can continue throughcapacity to function socially, academically and at home.
adolescence, causing children and adults significantThe cause of this disorder is a deficiency of chemicals
social or academic impairment. Symptoms of thisin the brain that are responsible for systematizing
disorder often become less severe in the late teenagethought. Without enough of these chemicals, the
and early adulthood years.organizing centers of the brain don't perform well.
Dr. Heinrich Hoffman, a physician who wrote books onStudies show that attention-deficit hyperactivity
medicine and psychiatry, first described ADHD in 1845.disorder is more common in children who have close
In 1902, Sir George F. Still published a series of lecturesrelatives with the disorder. Recent studies also link
in England in which he described a group ofsmoking and other substance abuse during pregnancy
hyperactive children with significant behavioralto the disorder. Medications such as Ritalin are used
disorders -- caused by a dysfunction in their geneticmost often to treat the disorder.