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Article #72: Diagnosis and definitions for Autism Spectrum Disorder

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It is known there is no specific clearly appear severe and sustained
diagnostic test for Autism Spectrum impairments in the social and
Disorder, and the best way to get a communication areas. The child is
diagnosis is to make a multi-disciplinary observed as being different than other
evaluation. children, he is anxious, responds
A psychologist or psychiatrist unusually to many different stimuli, has
experienced with Autism Spectrum poor attention and motivation, and speech
Disorders can make a diagnose for adults, can be delayed or largely absent. The
and in what concerns children, they must child can also have a range of
be tested by a number of professionals, ritualistic behaviours, like hand
which will provide the needed information flapping, finger gazing or toe walking.
to make decisions about program and It was seen that the child or adult with
treatment approaches. autism can be also intellectually
It was seen that the age of diagnosis disabled.
ranges, depending on the circumstances We can mention a loosely used term to
from approximately 18 months through to describe a child or adult who meets the
adulthood. criteria for a diagnosis of Autism, but
Autism Spectrum Disorder deals with is not as severely affected as the more
several labels, for example at an end of classically autistic person-High
the spectrum there can be diagnoses like Functioning Autism.
"Asperger Syndrome", "High Functioning Asperger Syndrome deals with severe and
Autism" and "PDD-NOS", and at the other sustained social impairments, but the
end, we can find labels like "Autism", impairments in the language and
"Classic Autism" and "Kanner Autism". communication area aren't so severe. The
Several labels place people at different speech develops within the normal age
points of the spectrum. range, but effectively communication is
We can say that the term Autism Spectrum impaired.
Disorder is used because there is a great It was seen that the impairments become
variation from person to person, which more evident as the child reaches
depends on the severity and combination pre-school and school age, being more
of each area of impairment. It is known subtle in the very young child.
that together with Autism Spectrum There can also be given a diagnosis for
Disorder may exist also other conditions children who present with some of the
or disorders, like speech and language characteristics of either Autism or
disorders, anxiety and depression, Asperger Syndrome, but not severe enough
intellectual disability, epilepsy, for a diagnosis of either of these
attention disorders, Tourette Syndrome conditions and this is Pervasive
and Down Syndrome. Developmental Disorder - Not Otherwise
Usually, before the age of 3, in autism, Specified.






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