Teaching Addition to a Child with ADD

A Child with Attention-deficit/Hyperactivity disorderstrengths of the ADHD /ADD child may include: good
tend to be more physically active, inattentive, difficultyat math, read well, artistic, good gross motor skill, good
responding appropriately, difficulty working steadilycomputer skills, good memory, helpful, kind to others,
toward goals (even their own goals), and may not beloves outdoor activities, good with animals, and they
able to control their behavior on command.have a variety of interests (Swee Huat, 2002).
These children fail to give close attention to detail andSome challenges in teaching a child with ADHD is that
will make careless mistakes. They have troublelong assignments may overwhelm them, therefore to
sustaining attention in tasks and/or play activities. Theyteach this child you must only give them a few
do not seem to listen when spoken to, nor do theyproblems at a time with clear consequences for
follow directions, usually leaving them not completingcompletion. Another approach to teaching the child with
their schoolwork. They have difficulty in theirADHD effectively is a combination of instruction in
organizational skills, and avoids, dislikes, or is reluctant tolearning with memory strategies and motivational
engage in work that involves mental effort. Thesetraining. The teacher should try and develop the "skill
children often lose the things necessary to completeand will" to improve the students achievement, another
activities, and are also easily distracted and forgetful.thing is that the teacher should encourage the student
They suffer from impulse control problems such asto be persistent and try to get them to see
blurting out answers, waiting for their turn, or interruptingthemselves as in control, using the SMART approach.
or intruding in on others conversations or games. ThereSome suggestions for important teaching opportunities
are some noticeable physical indicators of ADHD andto overcome challenges these students may
that is the child tens to fidget with their hands or feet,encounter come best from the students with ADHD.
squirms in his or her seat, tends to leave seat duringSome of these documented suggestions are to use
inappropriate times, talks excessively, and has difficultyvisual clues (lots of pictures), to offer choices, do more
playing or engaging in leisure activities. These childrenthen lecture, to realize that these children are intelligent,
are described to be acting as though they are "drivento notice their accomplishments, to conceal their
by a motor".problem, to let them walk around the classroom, to be
According to theorist Russell Barkley, a Professor ofpatient, do not overload on homework, and to know
psychiatry and neurology at the University ofwhen to bend the rules.
Massachusetts Medical Center in Worcester, and aLesson Plan Teaching Addition
author of numerous books on ADHD, including ADHDTo teach Mathematics to a child with ADHD I would
and the Nature of Self-Control and Attention- Deficittry to keep the problems short, and would also teach
Hyperactivity Disorder: A Handbook for Diagnosis andthem by incorporating it into a game. The following is a
Treatment,lesson plan created to enable the child to concentrate
"Well, I've begun to study self-control in ADHD children,on one problem at a time, but also in a game situation
because we began to realize that the problems withso that way the child can have fun, it is not just a
attention that ADHD children were having were notlecture, the child can be recognized for doing well, and
problems with how they perceived things or see theit uses visual clues.
world around them. It really was more of a problemAddition Game Add it Up! Addition Objective: The
that they couldn't persist at something as long as otherstudents will roll a dice and create two numbers that
people. And they couldn't resist the distractions aroundconsist of two digits. The students will then add
them as well as other people, particularly when theytogether the two-digit numbers. The students will be
were involved in very boring or very tedious work.able to understand and perform the concept of
That began to suggest that there was a problem incarrying. The students will also be able to read their
how they were controlling behavior, not in how theyproblem and solution aloud.
were seeing the world. It would therefore be aMaterials: Pencil,Paper consisting of many Addition grids
problem with how the output of the brain--behavior--isDirections:
organized, and not a problem with input coming into the1. Distribute a paper to each student. Have each
brain, with how you perceive and see your world. . . .student have a pencil and eraser. 2. Introduce the
What we've found is that ADHD children can paygame as an "Addition Game". 3. Discuss how many
attention to things that are around them in thenumbers are in a two-digit number. Explain to the
immediate situation, so that it's really not an attentionstudents in this game we will be adding 2 two-digit
problem.numbers. 4. Then begin by playing a game with the
What they don't pay attention to is what lies ahead instudents, in which you will all insert the number into the
time, what has to be done next in order to get readysame place. 5. Roll the dice. Use that number as one
for the future. They're not stopping to think about thatof your numbers in a two-digit number. 6. Repeat 3
future. So they don't have a problem with attention;times until all spaces are filled. 7. Use this as a way to
they have a problem with intentions. Intentions are therefresh to the children their concept of carrying. 8.
things we are doing to get ready for what lies aheadAfter giving an example, have the students compete
in time--our goals; our plans; the assignments that weagainst each other. Roll the dice and let the students
should be working on; the paths that other people havepick where to put the number. Their goal is to get the
given us that we need to be paying more attention tohighest number. 9. After calling all the numbers. Have
in order to be ready when that time gets here. That'sthe students read their math problem out loud. 10.
what ADHD children are not doing . . . "Decide who has the highest number as a class. 11. The
These are things that have to be kept in mind whenstudents will are now able to play on their own.
teaching a child with ADHD, that is not that the havePA Standard: 2.2.3.B Computation and Estimation.
an attention problem, but rather an intention problem.Solve double-digit addition problems with regrouping in
According to SPARK, a society for the promotion ofvertical form.
ADHD research and knowledge, children with ADHDWorks Cited
had good qualities to, such as, children with ADHD /PBS FRONTLINE (2001).Interview with Russell Barkley.
ADD are usually creative and daring. Some other