Teacher Tips: Dealing With Impulsive Behaviors From ADHD Students in the Classroom

Thank you to all of our professional educators whosystem. Actively reinforce desired classroom
dedicate themselves to our children! We know howbehaviors. Use self-monitoring and self-reinforcement
difficult it can be working with ADHD children, so hereon-task behavior during independent work time. Use a
are your teacher tips for the week, brought to you bykitchen timer to indicate periods of intense independent
the ADHD Information Library and This is a sampling ofword and reinforce the class for appropriate behavior
over 500 classroom interventions for your use at Hereduring this period. Start with brief periods (5 to 10
are some tips on Dealing with Impulsive Behaviors: Oneminutes) and gradually increase the period as the class
of the hallmarks of children with attention deficits is thedemonstrates success. When necessary, develop
tendency to act impulsively (acting before thinkingcontracts with an individual student and her/his parents
through the ramifications of behavior). Behaviorally, thisto reinforce a few specific behaviors. Set hourly, daily,
manifests itself in a lack of understanding of causeweekly, or monthly goals depending on the
and effect. Research also suggests that thesereinforcement needs of the specific student. Provide
students can often verbalize the rules in place forfrequent feedback on the student's progress toward
behavior but have difficulty internalizing them andthese goals. Provide a changing array of backup
translating them into thoughtful behavior. Difficulties inrewards or privileges so that students do not "burn
delaying gratification also add to the impulsivity. Someout" on a particular system. For example, students can
clinicians believe that this behavioral disinhibition (poorearn tickets for a daily or weekly raffle for the display
regulation and inhibition of behavior), rather than theirof positive behavior.
ability to pay attention, is the primary manifestation ofTo improve out of the classroom behavior, allow the
attention deficits and is more likely to discriminate theseclass to earn a reward based on he compliments they
children from others.receive on their behavior from other teachers,
By having students think "out loud" when they arelunchroom staff, playground aides and principals. Avoid
problem-solving, the teacher will gain insights into theirgiving the whole class negative consequences based
reasoning style and the process will slow them downon the ADHD child's behavior. The ADHD child, as well
before they respond impulsively. This will provideas the whole class, can benefit from implementation of
information about how they "see the world" andsocial skills curriculum for the entire class. Modeling and
enable the teacher to begin to restructure inaccuraterequiring the children to use a systematic method of
perceptions. Train your student's teachers and othertalking through classroom conflicts and problems can
adults how to do this to provide an on-going techniquebe particularly valuable for the ADHD child to
in the classroom setting, where critical incidents oftenimplement this, teachers are referred to the literature
occur. Quite often, students will continue to haveon cognitive-behavioral approaches to developing the
difficulty with certain types of interactions on a regularchild's self-talk and problem solving. Praise specific
basis; difficulty in taking turns, over-interpreting others'behaviors. For example, "I like how you wrote down all
remarks as hostile, personalizing others' actionsyour assignments correctly," rather than "Good boy!"
excessively, and misreading social cues. With the helpUse visual and auditory cues as behavioral reminders.
of your student, his teacher, and his trusted peers,For example, have two large jars at the front of the
common problematic themes can be identified. Roleroom, with one filled with marbles or some other
play hypothetical interactions involving these behaviors,object. When the class is behaving appropriately, move
preferably with supportive peers, identifying andsome marbles to the other jar and let the students
practicing positive alternative responses.know that when the empty jar is filled they can earn a
Have your student practice these responses duringreward. Frequently move about the room so that you
the school day and have him and others give youcan maximize you degree of proximity control. When
feedback on their success. Identifying critical incidentsappropriate, give students choices about several
that occur during the day will provide insights fordifferent activities that could choose to work on one at
program planning. The technique ofa time. With students who can be quite volatile and
"Stop-Think-Talk-Do" is central to manymay initially refuse negative consequences (such as
cognitive-behavioral interventions for students withrefusing to go to time-out), set a kitchen timer for a
attentional teaches the student how to "stop" beforebrief period (1 to 2 minutes) after refusal has occurred.
acting impulsively, "think" about the cause and effectExplain to the child that the child can use the two
relationships of his intended behavior, "say" or verbalizeminutes to decide if she/he will go to time out on her
to themselves or others what they will do, and "do" thehis own or if more serious consequence must be
chosen behavior. Again, the purpose of the techniqueimposed. Several experienced teachers insist this
is to slow down response. Encourage thoughtfulmethod has successfully reduced the extent to which
responding and decrease impulsivity by waiting 10 to 15they have had to physically enforce certain negative
seconds to receive responses during whole groupconsequences with students and seems to
instruction. Keep the classroom behavior rules simplede-escalate the situation. Hopefully these will help the
and clear. Have the class agree on what the rulesADHD students in your classroom to be more
should be. Define and review classroom rules eachsuccessful. You can learn more about Attention Deficit
day. Implement a classroom behavior managementHyperactivity disorder at the ADHD Information Library.