Horse Training - Punishment Vs Correction

Have you ever become angry at your horse? Ofwe want, and in turn, exactly what it is they've done
course you have! Everyone does. Either it's a bad daywrong.
all around and the horse is simply the only living thingCorrection, on the other hand, involves a positive or
within a ten-mile radius, or the horse has beennegative consequence directly related to the behavior.
misbehaving so vehemently that he should be the oneIn Felicia's situation, the horse didn't understand how to
to take the brunt of your anger.do a lead change, or what she was asking. For that,
This is where it pays to know the different betweenthere can be no real correction until he figures out
punishment and correction.what she's asking and then misbehaves anyway. We
A few years ago, I was sitting on the fence, watchingcan't punish a horse for our own training deficiencies;
two of my students ride. They weren't in a lesson -we can only correct when they knowingly disobey.
just hacking their own horses - but I've always liked toFor example, let's say that your horse refuses to
keep an eye on my students during the week. One ofstand while you mount. Let's take it one step further
them, a girl we're call Felicia, was becoming increasinglyand add that this behavior didn't start until a week ago.
angry with her horse. She was working on leadEvery time you take him out to the arena, he walks
changes, which we had been starting in lessons, andoff before you can get your foot in the stirrup. This is
her horse simply wasn't picking up on her cues.a negative behavior that your horse knows is wrong.
Finally, on about her fifteenth try, she snatched up herA punishment for this behavior--and an ineffective one
reins, halting the horse, and landed a resounding kickat that-- would be to slap your horse on the rump with
into his side with her right leg. It was so hard that theyour hand or with a crop. He doesn't tie the two
horse let out an explosive breath of air, jumpedbehaviors-- him walking and you hitting-- together in his
sideways away from the pressure, and Felicia,mind, and therefore it doesn't teach him anything.
unprepared for this darting motion, fell off.The correction would be to sharply pull back on the
Felicia, as most teenagers do, jumped right up, notreins, which he recognizes as the signal to stop. Then,
waiting for me to arrive. Seeing that she was alright, Iyou would go back to his head, let him stand for a
caught the horse on the other side of the arena, thenmoment and pet him on the neck. This is positive
led him back to the gate. She asked me why I wasreinforcement for his standing. Then go to mount again,
taking her horse out of the arena, and I replied, "Untiland repeat the procedure until he stands while you
you can learn the difference between punishment andmount.
correction, you shouldn't be allowed on a horse."There are five basic rules for correction:
This might seem harsh, since Felicia was obviously1. Be Quick. If you don't administer the correction right
frustrated, but I wanted her to learn a lesson.away, the horse will have already forgotten what his
In the wild, horses do not punish each other. You'llbehavior was, and will not associate the two in his
never see two horses gang up on a third to teach themind.
outcast a lesson in manners. They don't vindictively2. Be Purposeful. If you're correcting just for the sake
bide their time until the right moment to strike; rather,of having something to do, or without a clear idea of
they react instinctively as a correction. For example,your purpose, it's useless. Have a clear training purpose
when a stallion crowds a mare in the field, the marein mind, and work toward that purpose.
nips the stallion on the neck or haunches to warn him3. Be Consistent. Make sure that every time your
that he is invading her space. It is immediate,horse perpetrates a bad behavior, you exact the
no-nonsense, and non-judgmental.exact same correction. Otherwise, your horse will be
An example of punishment would be poor Felicia. Sheconfused and will not learn whatever you are trying to
was working hard at a training technique, and whenteach him.
she didn't get her way after several tries in the arena,4. Be Appropriate. Slapping your horse repeatedly with
she kicked her horse. The animal didn't realize he wasa whip is inappropriate. Let the correction fit the crime.
being punished for his inability to affect a lead change;5. Be Reasonable. This falls in line with the old adage:
how could he have possibly connected the twopick your battles. Your horse can't learn everything at
incidents? Often, we mistakenly credit horses withonce, and if you're correcting him left and right, nothing
human intelligence, assuming they know exactly whatwill stick.